True double flush pines are the Japanese Black Pine, Japanese Red Pine, American Pitch Pine, Yellow Pine (Shortleave Pine), the Loblolly Pine and the Aleppo Pine. They all grow in somewhat humid warm climates (with the exception of the Aleppo Pine, which grows in the desert in many areas), meaning that they have long growing seasons, enabling them to have that second flush of growth.
Anticipating to pruning your Japanese Maple right on time? This is one of the best autumn maintenance tutorials on Acer palmatum bonsai I have seen to date. Graham Potter of Kaizen Bonsai shares meticulously why the timing is so important and how to pay attention to pruning, detailing his vision of long term development of his tree.
Graham Potter: "the reason to prune the tree right before the leaves naturally drop is because we've got a few weeks where it's not going to be typically cold. So even if the tree has no leaves, the roots are still actively pushing nutrients into the tree and the buds. For that reason, the growth in the spring will be much more even. This is the benefit of this pruning."
Hornbeam bonsai come in a variety of species. From the Betulaceae family of trees, this deciduous species is gracious with light green foliage and a smooth, muscle-like, grey colored bark. It is reportedly difficult to transplant from a field nursery.
Ironwood is a common name for hornbeam. The name ironwood comes from the ancient times when they used carpinus wood to build ships.
During spring, it produces wind-pollinated pendulous catkins flowers. Hornbeam is monoecious, meaning the male and female flowers are on sperate catkins, but on the same tree.
In general, the hornbeam is a slow growing tree. The leaves will turn yellow, orange and red in the fall and will turn brown when dry. The brown leaves will often stay attached in the winter season.
Six species are popular as bonsai. Two of them are known as Korean hornbeam, while one is known as the European Hornbeam or Common Hornbeam. Two are Japanese Hornbeam and one is the American Hornbeam.